| Vail View observatory | Estados Unidos | Vail | — |
 Vainu Bappu Observatory | India | Kavalur | 706 m |
| Val-des-Bois observatory | Canadá | Val-des-Bois | — |
 Valašské Meziříčí observatory | República Checa | Valašské Meziříčí | 335 m |
| Valdicerro observatory | Italia | Loreto | — |
| Valentia Magnetic Observatory | Irlanda | — | — |
| Valentines observatory | Suiza | Bex | — |
| Valinhos Observatory | Brasil | São Paulo | — |
| Vallauris observatory | Francia | Vallauris | — |
| Valldoreix observatory | España | San Cugat del Vallés | — |
| Valle del Sol Observatory | España | Torreón de la Tercia | — |
| Vallemare di Borbona Astronomical Observatory | Italia | Borbona | 1.170 m |
| Vallinfreda astronomical observatory | Italia | Vallinfreda | — |
 Vallot observatory | Francia | Saint-Gervais-les-Bains | 4.358 m |
| Valmeca observatory | Francia | Puimichel | — |
 Valongo Observatory | Brasil | Río de Janeiro | 14 m |
| Van Allen Observatory | Estados Unidos | Iowa City | — |
| Vanderbilt Dyer Observatory | Estados Unidos | Tennessee | — |
| Vanuatu Geohazards Observatory | Vanuatu | — | — |
| Varennes observatory | Francia | Varennes | — |
 Vartiovuori Observatory | Finlandia | Turku | 46 m |
| Varuna observatory | Italia | Turín | — |
| Vassouras Magnetic Observatory | Brasil | — | — |
 Ved Shala | India | — | — |
| Vedrus Observatory | Rusia | Azóvskaya | — |
| Veen Observatory | Estados Unidos | Míchigan | — |
| Vega del Thader observatory | España | El Palmar | — |
| VEGA observatory | Austria | Austria | — |
 Vega-Sternwarte Salzburg | Austria | Nußdorf am Haunsberg | — |
| Vegaquattro Observatory | Italia | Novi Ligure | — |
| Vega–Bray Observatory | Estados Unidos | Benson | — |
| Velikiye Luki Observatory | Rusia | Óblast de Pskov | — |
 Velizhan sanctuary | Rusia | Tiumén | — |
| Velký Tisý Field Station | Checoslovaquia | Región de Bohemia Meridional | — |
| Ventilla observatory | España | Madrid | — |
 Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Center | Letonia | — | — |
| Venus Hill | Estados Unidos | Charlotte Amalie | — |
 VERITAS | Estados Unidos | Arizona | 1.268 m |
| Vermilion River Observatory | Estados Unidos | Illinois | — |
| Vermillion Cliffs observatory | Estados Unidos | Kanab | — |
| Vernensky Observatory | Unión Soviética | Alma Ata | — |
| Vernonia Peak Observatory | Estados Unidos | — | — |
 Very Large Telescope | Chile | Región de Antofagasta | 2.636 m |
| Vesqueville observatory | Bélgica | Vesqueville | — |
| VHS-VISTA observatory | Chile | Región de Antofagasta | — |
| Via Capote Sky observatory | Estados Unidos | Thousand Oaks | — |
| Via Lactea observatory | España | Ager | — |
| Vicksburg observatory | Estados Unidos | Vicksburg | — |
| Victoria Experimental Network Under the Sea | Canadá | Columbia Británica | — |
| Victoria Magnetic Observatory | Canadá | Metchosin | — |
| Vienna observatory (before 1879) | Austria | Viena | — |
| Vihorlat Observatory | Eslovaquia | Humenné | — |
| Villa Remedios Geomagnetic Observatory | Bolivia | La Paz | 3.950 m |
| Village-neuf Observatory | Francia | Gare de Neuf-Brisach Ville | — |
| Vilnius observatory (since 1939) | Lituania | Vilna | — |
| Vina del Mar observatory | Chile | Viña del Mar | — |
| Vinyols observatory | España | Viñols y Archs | — |
| Violau observatory | Alemania | Altenmünster | — |
 Virgo | Italia | Santo Stefano a Macerata | — |
| Virgo Oservatory | Italia | Séveso | — |
| Virtual Observatory India | India | Pune | — |
| Visnjan Observatory | Croacia | Stotra | — |
 Vitebsk Observatory | Bielorrusia | Zachodniki | 180 m |
 Vlašim Observatory | República Checa | — | — |
 Vogelwarte Hiddensee | Alemania | Hiddensee | — |
| Vojtěch Šafařík's observatory | República Checa | Praga | — |
| Volcano Research Center | Japón | — | — |
| Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Guadeloupe | Francia | Gourbeyre | — |
| Volcanological Observatory of the University of Colima | México | — | — |
| Volcanological Survey of Indonesia | Indonesia | Bandung | — |
 Volkssternwarte Bonn | Alemania | Stadtbezirk Bonn | 64 m |
 Volkssternwarte Buchloe | Alemania | Buchloe | 636 m |
| Volkssternwarte Dhaun observatory | Alemania | Kirn | — |
 Volkssternwarte Ennepetal | Alemania | Ennepetal | 335 m |
 Volkssternwarte Hagen | Alemania | Hagen | 300 m |
 Volkssternwarte Hannover | Alemania | Linden-Limmer | 89 m |
 Volkssternwarte Kempten | Alemania | Kempten | 725 m |
 Volkssternwarte Klagenfurt | Austria | Klagenfurt | — |
 Volkssternwarte Köln | Alemania | Sülz | 54 m |
 Volkssternwarte Michelbach | Austria | Michelbach | 570 m |
| Volkssternwarte Paderborn | Alemania | Paderborn | 119 m |
 Volkssternwarte Rothwesten | Alemania | Fuldatal | 301 m |
 Volkssternwarte Singen | Alemania | Singen | 429 m |
 Volkssternwarte Urania Jena | Alemania | Jena | 345 m |
 Volkssternwarte Wetterau | Alemania | Bad Nauheim | 265 m |
 Volkssternwarte Würzburg | Alemania | Wurzburgo | 268 m |
 Volkssterrenwacht Copernicus | Países Bajos | Bloemendaal | — |
| Volkssterrenwacht Simon Stevin | Países Bajos | Halderberge | — |
| Vostok Magnetic Observatory | — | — | — |
| Vulcan North, Lick observatory | Estados Unidos | Mount Hamilton (California) | — |
| Vulpecula observatory | Hungría | Budapest | — |
| Vyškov observatory | República Checa | Vyškov | 245 m |